Sunday, June 30, 2013

Reflections on Distance Learning


           Admittedly, as I began my distance learning program with Walden University, I was skeptical about both the future value of the degree I would earn and the depth and breadth of knowledge I would gain through an online post-graduate program.  My friends, family, colleagues, and mentors echoed this skepticism, but they were also wise to encourage me to earn a Masters degree as soon as possible and in a manner that suited my learning style and lifestyle, recognizing the value of a higher education.  Thus my journey as a distance learner with Walden University began. 
            As Dr. Siemens mentions in the provided educational videos and Simonson points out in the course text, distance learning began as early as the mid-1800s.  In fact, despite society’s current opinions, “common knowledge,” and skepticism, currently more than 6 million people participate in distance education in the U.S. alone (Simonson, 2012).  According to Moller, Foshay, and Huett (2008b), this educational platform “is rapidly becoming a popular choice for continuing professional education, mid-career degree programs, and lifelong learning of all kinds” (p. 66), and distance learning “allows for learning strategies that may not be possible in a classroom or other traditional environments,” presenting opportunities to engage with the material “whether one prefers to learn individually or within a collaborative environment,” and “can serve remote learners as well as they serve local ones” (Moller, et.al., 2008a, pp. 74-75). Given these factors, I believe it is safe to say that distance learning is only going to increase in the future.
Moller, Foshay, and Huett (2008a) also note that there are several factors that will have a profound impact on distance learning with particular attention given to the field of instructional design: (a) quality, (b) needs assessment, ROI, and measurement of outcomes; (c) the influence and fusion of training, performance support, and knowledge management; (d) the need for better instructional systems design (ISD) methodologies, and (e) the revision of learning models (p. 71).  As instructional designers begin studying and improving these factors, with the assistance of new web platforms and web 2.0 tools, I believe online instruction, in its many formats, will emerge as the norm rather than the exception.  As this occurs, society will begin to view distance learning as an acceptable educational format (Norvig, 2012).
Next year my school district is adopting SAFARI Montage as our digital learning platform.  I am privileged to be a member of the SAFARI Montage implementation team, receiving instruction on methods by which my middle school classroom will evolve into a hybrid classroom of sorts over the next few years.  This is exciting, as it will meet my students where they are.  Students learn differently now than they did before the advent of the Internet and the age of Technology.  Students no longer learn best from one bank of knowledge, but rather from a web of resources.  Students no longer learn best by producing linear products, but rather by producing cooperative dynamic products (Dede, 2005).  Instructional designers who embrace technology are able to address these needs while maintaining a focus on learning goals.  As students engage and succeed in my hybrid classroom, I hope to improve society’s impressions and perceptions of online and distance learning.
Simonson says that distance learning is formal, institution based education, including both distance teaching and learning, where the learning group (teacher, learner, and resources) are separated by geography, and sometimes, time.  He also says that exponential growth is expected to occur, based upon past distance education patterns.  However, distance education technologies will not replace the traditional format of education (Simonson, 2012).  Upon completing this course, I fully agree with both his definition of distance learning and his predictions about the future of distance learning.  I also believe that in the not so distant future distance learning will be accepted by society as another method by which people will meet their academic needs and goals.






References
Dede, C. (2005). Planning for neomillennial learning styles. Educause Quarterly, 28(1), 7–12. 
Moller, L., Foshay, W., & Huett, J. (2008). The evolution of distance education: Implications for instructional design on the potential of the web (Part 1: Training and development). TechTrends, 52(3), 70–75.
Moller, L., Foshay, W., & Huett, J. (2008). The evolution of distance education: Implications for instructional design on the potential of the web (Part 2: Higher education). TechTrends, 52(4), 66-70.
Norvig, P. (2012). The 100,000 student classroom. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tYclUdcsdeo
Simonson, M., Smaldino, S., Albright, M., & Zvacek, S. (2012). Teaching and learning at a distance: Foundations of distance education (5th ed.) Boston, MA: Pearson.

Sunday, June 23, 2013

Converting to a Distance Learning Format Abstract

Converting to a Distance Learning Format Abstract

Abstract

Online teaching can be a daunting task.  As you begin designing an online course, you should determine learning goals and expectations; create a preliminary timeline, flowchart, or storyboard outlining the flow of the course; plan methods for effective instruction, evaluation and feedback; and beta test the entire online course before it goes live.  As you facilitate instruction, you should remember to communicate learning goals and expectations in multiple locations, in multiple formats, and at multiple times throughout the course; provide rubrics and examples alongside any and all learning activities; keep learners active by encouraging them to communicate effectively and frequently; create an online community learning environment by offering opportunities for the you to get to know your learners, for the learners to get to know you, and for the learners to get to know each other; and make yourself available to the learners to answer questions and to help with technology issues.  Finally, following the instruction you should provide authentic assessment that includes creative, non-linear responses to discussion questions and assignments such as advance organizers, blogs, prezis, or other web 2.0 tools and incorporate an end of course reflection, evaluation, and/or survey.  Again, this can be a daunting task, but when your work is finished, you will have a well designed online course.

See the full document in the post below for a comprehensive checklist and a references list.

 

 

 

Converting to a Distance Learning Format Comprehensive Checklist and References List


Below are three checklists and some additional resources to help you as you begin your journey as an online instructor.

Designing Instruction Checklist


Determine learning goals and expectations (Simonson, et. al., 2012).


Create a preliminary timeline, flowchart, or storyboard outlining the flow of the course (Simonson, et. al., 2012).


Plan methods by which you will provide timely, systematic and specific evaluation and feedback (Morrison, 2007).


Become aware of copyright and privacy laws prior to creating, enhancing, initiating, and facilitating your online classroom (Smith Nash, 2005).


Plan for authentic assessment that includes creative, non-linear responses to discussion questions and assignments such as advance organizers, blogs, prezis, or other web 2.0 tools (Lim, 2004, p. 18) (Dede, 2005) (Mertler, 2001) (Simonson, et. al., 2012).


Plan for learner collaboration, perhaps using a wiki or skype (Mertler, 2001) (Dede, 2005) (Moller, 2008) (Skype, 2013).


Plan for learner discussion, perhaps using an online discussion board (Mertler, 2001) (Dede, 2005) (Moller, 2008).


Plan to provide learners with extra resources to help them use web 2.0 tools (Simonson, et. al., 2012).


Plan to provide learners with tips on how to be a successful online learner (Simonson, et. al., 2012).


As you structure the online environment, be sure to plan to give specific instructions on the flow of the course.  Learners should never feel lost (Simonson, et. al., 2012).


Beta test: test, test, and retest before your course goes live (Simonson, et. al., 2012).


Facilitating Instruction Checklist


Communicate learning goals and expectations in multiple locations, in multiple formats, and at multiple times throughout the course (Simonson, et. al., 2012) (Allen, et. al., 2007).


Provide rubrics and examples alongside any and all learning activities (Simonson, et. al., 2012).


Keep learners active by encouraging them to communicate effectively and frequently (Simonson, et. al., 2012).


Keep learners learning deeply by providing timely, systematic and specific evaluation and feedback (Morrison, 2007).


Provide learners with accountability through participating in discussion boards, sending emails, and otherwise encouraging your students (Smith Nash, 2005).


Create an online community learning environment by offering opportunities for the you to get to know your learners, for the learners to get to know you, and for the learners to get to know each other (Simonson, et. al., 2012).


Make yourself available to the learners to answer questions and to help with technology issues (Simonson, et. al., 2012).

Assess Instruction and Learning


Plan for authentic assessment that includes creative, non-linear responses to discussion questions and assignments such as advance organizers, blogs, prezis, or other web 2.0 tools (Lim, 2004, p. 18) (Dede, 2005) (Mertler, 2001) (Simonson, et. al., 2012).


Keep learners learning deeply by providing timely, systematic and specific evaluation and feedback (Morrison, 2007).


Incorporate an end of course reflection (Simonson, et. al., 2012).


Incorporate an end of course evaluation or survey (Simonson, et. al., 2012).


If possible, incorporate a reflection, evaluation, and/or survey for learners to complete 3 months to a year after the course has been completed (Simonson, et. al., 2012). 


Additional Resources

Follow this link to an inspirational video outlining the importance of encouraging creativity during instruction.

Follow this link to find ideas on engaging students using online chats, discussions, and blogs.

Follow this link to hear a TED talk given by a Stanford professor who decided to teach his Artificial Intelligence course in an open source online format.


References
Allen, I.E., Seaman, J., & Garrett, R. (2007). Blending in: The extent and promise of blended education in the United States.  Sloan-C. Retrieved from: sloanconsortium.org/publications/survey/pdf/Blending_In.pdf‎Dede, C. (2005). Planning for neomillennial learning styles. Educause Quarterly, 28(1), 7–12.
Gilbert, E. (2013).  Your elusive creative genius.  Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=86x-u-tz0MA
Lim, C. P. (2004). Engaging learners in online learning environments. TechTrends: Linking Research and Practice to Improve Learning, 48(4), 16–23.
Mertler, C. A. (2001). Designing scoring rubrics for your classroom. Practical Assessment, Research, & Evaluation, 7(25). Retrieved from http://pareonline.net/getvn.asp?v=7&n=25

Moller, L., Foshay, W., & Huett, J. (2008). The evolution of distance education: Implications for instructional design on the potential of the web (Part 1: Training and development). TechTrends, 52(3), 70–75.
Moller, L., Foshay, W., & Huett, J. (2008). The evolution of distance education: Implications for instructional design on the potential of the web (Part 2: Higher education). TechTrends, 52(4), 66-70.
Morrison, G. R., Ross, S. M., Kalman, H. K., & Kemp, J. E. (2007). Designing effective instruction (6th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Norvig, P. (2012). The 100,000 student classroom. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tYclUdcsdeo
Simonson, M., Smaldino, S., Albright, M., & Zvacek, S. (2012). Teaching and learning at a distance: Foundations of distance education (5th ed.) Boston, MA: Pearson.
Skype. (2013). Teachinghistory.org. Retrieved May 25, 2013, from http://teachinghistory.org/digital-classroom/tech-for-teachers/23569
Smith Nash, S. (2005). Learning objects, learning object repositories, and learning theory: preliminary best practices for online courses. Interdisciplinary Journal of Knowledge and Learning Objects, 1. Retrieved from http://www.ijello.org/Volume1/v1p217-228Nash.pdf